FEAST and FEAST Substudies Maitland K., Kiguli S., Opoka R.O., S, Opoka RO, Engoru C., Olupot-Olupot P., Akech S.O., Nyeko R., Mtove G., Reyburn H., Lang T., Brent B., Evans J.A., Tibenderana J.K., Crawley J., Russell E.C., Levin M., Babiker A.G., Gibb D.M., for the FEAST Trial Group. Mortality after Fluid Bolus in African Children with Severe Infection. N Engl J Med. 2011 Jun 30;364(26):2483-95. This paper is available here http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21615299
The use of boluses (rapid fluid resuscitation) of children with shock caused by severe infections is standard practice in high-income countries. It is also recommended by WHO in low-income settings, but the evidence-base for this practice has been, until recently, very weak. Last year the results of the FEAST trial, examining fluid resuscitation in critically ill children with severe infections and shock (including children with WHO-defined shock), were published in the New England Journal of Medicine . The publication was fast tracked because of its importance, and subsequently received the BMJ Research Paper of the Year award because of the strength of the results, and implications for changing guidelines. The FEAST trial was stopped early by the Data Monitoring Committee because results, even before the trial finished showed that fluid resuscitation with 20-40ml/kg 0.9% saline or albumin given rapidly over <1 hour (most received 20ml/kg) actually significantly increased mortality. The results of the trial were unexpected, and have raised important questions about the management of children critically ill with infections in Africa. Of note, the adverse effects of fluids did not appear to be related to the adverse effects of fluid overload.
Work leading up to FEAST trial Evidence for intravascular volume depletion in children with severe malaria Over the last 10 years the group at the Wellcome Trust Unit in Kilifi, Kenya, in collaboration with the paediatric intensive care group at Imperial College, London have used insights gained from paediatric critical illness to examine the pathophysiology of severe malaria in a series of physiological studies. These established that low central venous pressure (~0-3cm water), severe tachycardia, and a delayed capillary refilling time (CRT) -all features of compensated hypovolaemic shock – were common on admission. Up to 40% of those with severe acidosis (base deficit >15) were hypotensive – a feature of advanced, decompensated hypovolaemic shock. Three clinical trials in Kilfi, Kenya compared different fluids in children with severe malaria and signs of hypovolaemia. Up to 40mls/kg of 0.9% saline or HAS was found to be safe and corrected haemodynamic indices of hypovolaemia and when compared to huam albumin solution (HAS) mortality was lower (3.6%) in the HAS arm than saline arm (18%). What remains unresolved is whether rapid and early restoration of intravascular volume results in a superior outcome compared to slow corrections of deficits by low volume maintenance fluids. This was the question that the FEAST trial was designed to address Relevant References
FEAST and FEAST sub-studies Publications
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